Course Structure of Computer Science For Class 12th.

1. Distribution of Marks-

UNIT 1- Programming and Computation Thinking-

• Revision of the basics of Python.
• Functions: scope, parameter passing, mutable/immutable properties of data objects, pass arrays to functions, return values, functions using libraries: mathematical, and string functions.
• File handling: open and close a file, read, write, and append to a file, standard input, output, and error streams, relative and absolute paths.
• Using Python libraries: create and import Python libraries
• Recursion: simple algorithms with recursion:  factorial, Fibonacci numbers; recursion on arrays: binary search.
• Idea of efficiency: performance defined as inversely proportional to the wall clock time, count the number of operations a piece of code is performing, and measure the time taken by a program. Example: take two different programs for the same problem, and understand how the efficient one takes less time.
• Data visualization using Pyplot: line chart, pie chart, and bar chart.
• Data-structures: lists, stacks, queues.

 Unit 2: Computer Networks (CN)-

• Structure of a network: Types of networks: local area and wide area (web and internet), new technologies such as cloud and IoT, public vs. private cloud, wired and wireless networks; a concept of a client and server.
• Network devices such as a NIC, switch, hub, router, and access point.
• Network stack: amplitude and frequency modulation, collision in wireless networks, error checking, and the notion of a MAC address, the main idea of routing. IP addresses: (v4 and v6), routing table, router, DNS, and web URLs, TCP: the basic idea of retransmission, and rate modulation when there is congestion (analogy to a road network), Protocols: 2G, 3G, 4G, Wi-Fi. What makes a protocol have a higher bandwidth?
• Basic network tools: traceroute, ping, ipconfig, nslookup, whois, speed-test.
• Application layer: HTTP (basic idea), a working of email, secure communication: encryption and certificates (HTTPS), network applications: remote desktop, remote login, HTTP, FTP, SCP, SSH, POP/IMAP, SMTP, VoIP, NFC.

 Unit 3: Data Management (DM2)-

• Write a minimal Django based web application that parses a GET and POST request, and writes the fields to a file – flat file and CSV file.
• Interface Python with an SQL database.
• SQL commands: aggregation functions – having, group by, order by.

 Unit 4: Society, Law, and Ethics (SLE-2)-

• Intellectual property rights, plagiarism, digital rights management, and licensing (Creative Commons, GPL, and Apache), open source, open data, privacy.
• Privacy laws, fraud; cyber-crime- phishing, illegal downloads, child pornography, scams; cyber forensics, IT Act, 2000.
• Technology and society: understanding of societal issues and cultural changes induced by technology.
• E-waste management: proper disposal of used electronic gadgets.
• Identity theft, unique ids, and biometrics.
• Gender and disability issues while teaching and using computers.

Some sample lab assignments are as follows:

5.1. Programming in Python:

• Recursively find the factorial of a natural number.
• Read a file line by line and print it.
• Remove all the lines that contain the character `a’ in a file and write it to another file.
• Write a Python function sin(x, n) to calculate the value of sin(x) using its Taylor series expansion up to n terms. Compare the values of sin(x) for different values of n with the correct value.
• Write a random number generator that generates random numbers between 1 and 6 (simulates a dice).
• Write a recursive code to find the sum of all elements of a list.
• Write a recursive code to compute the n^th Fibonacci number.
• Write a Python program to implement a stack and queue using a list data structure.
• Write a recursive Python program to test if a string is a palindrome or not.
• Write a Python program to plot the function y = x² using the pyplot or matplotlib libraries.
• Create a graphical application that accepts user inputs, performs some operation on them, and then writes the output on the screen. For example, write a small calculator. Use the Tkinter library.
• Open a webpage using the urllib library.
• Compute EMIs for a loan using the numpy or scipy libraries.
• Take a sample of 10 phishing e-mails and find the most common words.

5.2. Data Management: SQL and web-server-

• Find the min, max, sum, an average of the marks in a student marks table.
• Find the total number of customers from each country in the table (customer ID, customer name, country) using group by.
• Write a SQL query to order the (student ID, marks) table in descending order of the marks.
• Integrate SQL with Python by importing the MySQL module
• Write a Django based web server to parse a user request (POST), and write it to a CSV file.